He was born on 1st June 1960 at Ijjala-Ghatta, Nagamangala taluk, Mandya district, Karnataka, into an agricultural family.

Shri N. Cheluvarayaswamy was Member of Zilla Panchayath from 1994 to 1999 and was Vice President of Zilla Panchayath between 1996 and 1997. He was elected to Karnataka Legislative Assembly for two terms between 1999 and 2008 and was a Cabinet Minister. Later, he was elected to 15th Lok Sabha in 2009 from Mandya Lok Sabha constituency and subsequently elected to Karnataka Assembly from Nagamangala. Totally, he was elected as MLA for four times and as MP once. He has served as Cabinet Minister for Transport; Health & Family Welfare and now serving as Agriculture Minister.